How to write your first scraper with Scrapy
Scraping is the process of extracting information from websites, and Scrapy is a popular open-source framework for building web scrapers. In this tutorial, we will show you how to create a simple scraper using Scrapy.
Step 1: Installation of Scrapy
To start with Scrapy, you must have Python installed on your computer. If you don't have Python installed, download it from https://www.python.org/downloads/.
Once you have Python installed, open the terminal or command prompt and install Scrapy using the following command:
pip install scrapy
Step 2: Creating a Scrapy Project
To create a new Scrapy project, open the terminal or command prompt and run the following command:
scrapy startproject project_name
Replace project_name with the name of your project.
Step 3: Creating a Scrapy Spider
A spider is a program that defines how to follow the links on a website and extract information. To create a spider, navigate to your project directory and run the following command:
scrapy genspider spider_name website_name
Replace spider_name with the name of your spider and website_name with the name of the website you want to scrape.
Step 4: Defining the Spider
Now that you have created your spider, you need to define what information you want to extract. Open the spider file in a text editor and replace the default code with the following code:
import scrapy
class SpiderName(scrapy.Spider):
name = "spider_name"
start_urls = [
'http://www.website_name.com/'
]
def parse(self, response):
for title in response.css('title'):
yield {'title': title.css('title::text').get()}
Replace spider_name with the name of your spider, website_name with the name of the website you want to scrape, and the CSS selector to extract the information you want.
Step 5: Running the Spider
To run your spider, navigate to the project directory in the terminal or command prompt and run the following command:
scrapy crawl spider_name
Replace spider_name with the name of your spider.
Step 6: Saving the Output
By default, the output of your spider will be displayed in the terminal or command prompt. To save the output to a file, use the following command:
scrapy crawl spider_name -o output_file.json
Replace spider_name with the name of your spider and output_file with the name of the file you want to save the output to.
In conclusion, Scrapy is a powerful and flexible framework for building web scrapers. With just a few lines of code, you can easily extract information from websites and save it to a file. Happy scraping!